1. Home
  2. Vol 17, No 1 (2016)
  3. Hedayanti

Achalasia: A Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment

Nor Hedayanti(1), Supriono Supriono(2),


(1) Division of Gastroentero-hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya/Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang
(2) Division of Gastroentero-hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya/Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang
Corresponding Author

Abstract


Achalasia was a condition marked by peristaltic movement absent in lower esophageal sphincter and segment that hypertonic result in imperfect relaxation during food ingestion. Achalasia incidence did not differ between men and women, account for 1 in 100.000 people every year with prevalence of 10 in 100.000 people, unrelated specifically with ethnic, and has its highest incidence on 30-60 age group.

Based on its etiology, it was divided into primary and secondary Achalasia, while based on its motility, it was into hypermotil, hypomotil, and amotil Achalasia. Until present, several therapeutic modalities were available to treat Achalasia, among them was pharmacology therapy, botulinum toxin injection via endoscopy, pneumatic dilatation, Heller myotomy surgery, and Per Oral Endoscopy Myotomy (POEM).


Keywords


achalasia; patophysiology; therapy

Full Text: FULL TEXT (PDF)

Article Metrics

Abstract View : 735 times
FULL TEXT (PDF) Download : 442 times

DOI: 10.24871/171201632-37

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.