Validity and Reliability of the Indonesian Short Form-Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire (SF-LDQ)
), Desriyadi Anas(2), Syarifah Nur E’zzati Al-Idrus(3), Flouria Stefanny Simatupang(4), Ryan Herardi(5),
(1) Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang Regency, Indonesia Dabo Regional Hospital, Lingga Regency, Indonesia
(2) Dabo Regional Hospital, Lingga Regency, Indonesia
(3) Dabo Lama Community Health Center, Lingga Regency, Indonesia
(4) Dabo Lama Community Health Center, Lingga Regency, Indonesia
(5) Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran, Jakarta, Indonesia
Corresponding Author
Abstract
Background: The severity of dyspepsia symptoms is often overlooked despite established definitions and diagnostic criteria. The Short Form-Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire (SF-LDQ) is a validated English-language tool designed to evaluate these symptoms. This research focuses on creating and validating an Indonesian version of the SF-LDQ.
Methods: The SF-LDQ was translated into Indonesian following standard procedures, including forward-backward translation, cross-checking, and pilot testing. Unselected patients from Dabo Regional Hospital and Dabo Lama Community Health Center (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, or Puskesmas) completed a questionnaire upon enrollment and again after three days via direct follow-up or blinded phone interviews. Reliability was measured through internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) and test-retest analysis (Spearman’s correlation). Meanwhile, validity was evaluated by comparing SF-LDQ scores with Rome IV Criteria-based diagnoses from blinded physicians and analyzing diagnostic performance with ROC curves.
Results: A total of 204 participants were included. The Indonesian SF-LDQ exhibited excellent reliability, with Cronbach’s α of 0.875 and Spearman’s correlation of 0.984 (p < 0.001). Validity analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.946 (p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.913–0.978). A cut-off score of 6.5 yielded 87.0% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity.
Conclusion: The Indonesian SF-LDQ is a dependable and valid tool for evaluating the frequency and severity of dyspeptic symptoms.
Keywords
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DOI: 10.24871/2632025212-218
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